A
不對稱性 (Asymmetry)
若在痣的中間畫一條虛線，兩半邊的形狀、大小或輪廓無法對稱吻合。
✔ Benign Normal:
Symmetrical, round or oval shape
⚠ Warning Sign:
One half is noticeably larger or jagged
B
邊緣不規則 (Border)
早期黑色素瘤的邊緣通常呈現鋸齒狀、缺角、波浪狀或邊界模糊不清。
✔ Benign Normal:
Smooth, sharp, distinct perimeter
⚠ Warning Sign:
Frayed, ragged, or leaking pigment
C
顏色不均勻 (Color Variation)
單顆痣內混合了深淺不一的棕色、黑色、紅色、白色甚至藍灰色，屬高度可疑警訊。
✔ Benign Normal:
Single uniform brown or tan shade
⚠ Warning Sign:
Mottled colors, jet black or reddish patches
D
直徑大於 6mm (Diameter)
黑色素瘤確診時通常直徑超過 6mm（約鉛筆擦拭頭的大小）。
✔ Benign Normal:
Small spot (< 6mm across)
⚠ Warning Sign:
Growing beyond 6mm or larger than other moles
E
Evolving & Changing
Any change in size, shape, elevation, color, or symptoms (itching, bleeding, crusting) is the single most critical indicator of malignancy.
✔ Benign Normal:
Static appearance month after month
⚠ Warning Sign:
Visible changes over weeks or months
Clinical Citation
The ABCDE criteria were formulated by the New York University School of Medicine and adopted by the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) and Skin Cancer Foundation. Reference: Skin Cancer Foundation Clinical Guidelines.
